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Word lists · B1

Environment and nature

Spanish words for “environment and nature”, most frequent first.

#WordMeaningLevel
789el bosqueforest, woodA2
1087la naturalezanature; nature (character)A2
1104el lagolakeA2
1251conservarto keep, to preserve; to keep (in good condition)B1
1319verterto pour, to spill; to dump (waste)B1
1416el vallevalleyB1
1459el recursoresource; appeal (legal)B1
1563la avebirdB1
1657el incendiofire (large)B1
1733el montemountain, hill; scrubland, bushB1
1736la basurarubbishB1
1772el océanooceanB1
2071la colinahillB1
2099la cuevacaveB1
2147la ramabranch (of a tree); branch, field (of a subject, a family)B1
2171la sierramountain range; saw (tool)B1
2251el insectoinsectB1
2409marinomarine, seaB1
2449la florflowerB1
2489la presadam; preyB1
2557la semillaseedB2
2600plantarto plant; to stand (someone) upB2
2850submarinounderwaterB2
2866húmedodamp, humidB2
2869cultivarto grow, to cultivate; to nurtureB2
2882la selvajungle, rainforestB2
2996el paisajelandscape, sceneryB2
3015la arañaspider; chandelierB2
3084el entornoenvironment, surroundingsB2
3144el cultivocultivation, cropB2
3171el terremotoearthquakeB2
3297el tiburónsharkB2
3421la cenizaashB2
3427el arroyostream, brookB2
3503tropicaltropicalB2
3508el nidonestB2
3511la tortugatortoise, turtleB2
3534la margaritadaisy; margarita (cocktail)B2
3601la ovejasheep, eweB2
3626la altitudaltitudeB2
3649el huracánhurricaneB2
3654el gusanowormB2
3656la cosechaharvest; vintageB2
3694la críayoung (animal), cub; breeding, rearingB2
3715la gotadropB2
3742el barromud; clayB2
3761la gallinahen; cowardB2
3809la palomadove, pigeonB2
3811la moscaflyB2
3842la lagunalagoon, small lake; gap (memory, knowledge)B2
3892la agriculturaagricultureB2
3901la mariposabutterflyB2
3911el pinopineB2
3925la abejabeeB2
3943la ranafrogB2
3951el pantanoswamp, marsh; reservoirB2
3973el volcánvolcanoB2
4043ruralruralC1
4058el deltadeltaC1
4083el arbustobush, shrubC1
4130la ballenawhaleC1
4218florecerto bloom; to flourishC1
4243el gallocockerelC1
4373la florafloraC1
4477el céspedlawn, grassC1
4498la mareatide; tide, surge (of people)C1
4520costerocoastalC1
4600el / la granjerofarmerC1
4703la inundaciónfloodC1
4707el cangrejocrabC1
4770la hormigaantC1
4840mediterráneoMediterraneanC1
4863el coralcoralC1
4866el senderopath, trailC1
4885el horizontehorizon; horizon, outlookC1
4886agrícolaagriculturalC1
4897el pastograss, lawn; pasture, grazingC1
4922el / la cachorropuppy, cubC1
4932la vacacowC1
4948el murciélagobatC1
4966la cortezabark; crust (of bread)C1
4970el robleoakC1
5010el ecuadorequator; halfway pointC1
5026el pradomeadowC1
5054vacunobovine, of cattleC1
5084el fósilfossilC1
5092botánicobotanicalC1
5117arrasarto raze, to devastate; to sweep, to win bigC1
5119geográficogeographicalC1
5159el / la burrodonkey; dunce, foolC1
5168el halcónfalcon, hawk; hawk (politics)C1
5184el / la ciervodeer, stagC1
5197recolectarto harvest, to gather; to collect (money, data)C1
5199abundanteabundant, plentifulC1
5256continentalcontinentalC1
5274el depredadorpredatorC1
5321la cuencabasin (river, valley); eye socketC1
5350la penínsulapeninsulaC1
5368el escarabajobeetle; Beetle (Volkswagen car)C1
5419el acantiladocliffC1
5450el crátercrater (volcano); crater (impact)C1
5455la hectáreahectareC1
5473silvestrewildC1
5485la llanuraplainC1
5487el delfíndolphin; chosen successorC1
5497polarpolarC1
5513vivienteliving, aliveC1
5555regarto water, to irrigate; to scatter, to spillC1
5562la pajastraw; padding, waffleC1
5595el mulomuleC1
5611el lechobed (literary); riverbedC1
5618ferozfierce, ferocious; fierce, intenseC1
5628el cerrohillC1
5654el mamíferomammalC1
5662el / la agricultorfarmerC1
5677el caracolsnail; spiralC1
5678inundarto flood; to flood, to swamp (figurative)C1
5743acuáticoaquatic, waterC1
5746el granerobarn, granary; breadbasket (fertile region)C1
5755la ardillasquirrelC1
5763el cocodrilocrocodileC1
5808el estanquepond; tank (water, fuel)C1
5820la manadaherd, pack; mob, crowdC1
5821la plantaciónplantation; plantingC1
5840poblarto settle, to populate; to inhabit, to fillC1
5890el renoreindeerC1
6029el corralyard, pen (for animals); playpenC1
6034venenosopoisonous, venomousC1
6073la auroradawn; aurora (polar lights)C1
6086el bichobug, creature; nasty person (mal bicho)C1
6115el tornadotornadoC1
6221la cascadawaterfall; cascade, chain of eventsC1
6251el lagartolizard; sycophant, social climberC1
6266el establostable, cowshedC1
6274devastarto devastate, to ravage; to devastate, to shatter (emotionally)C1
6370el cayocay, small low islandC1
6372la caceríahunt, hunting; witch hunt, manhunt (cacería de brujas)C1
6373el sudestesouth-eastC1
6376la algaseaweed, algaC1
6377la erupcióneruption; rash, skin eruptionC1
6387el capullococoon; bud (flower)C1
6404el reptilreptileC1
6406el camellocamel; street dealer, small-time drug dealerC1
6411la leñafirewood; beating, thrashing (dar leña)C1
6427la ríaria, estuaryC1
6434el tallostem, stalk; shoot, sproutC1
6435cosecharto harvest; to reap, to earn (success, praise)C1
6475la catástrofecatastrophe, disaster; disaster, flopC1
6476la orquídeaorchidC1
6477la cucarachacockroachC1
6482la violetaviolet (flower)C1
6539el glaciarglacierC2
6575el castañochestnut treeC2
6620el calentamientowarming; heating; warm-up (sports)C2
6637la praderaprairie; meadowC2
6702la aletafin (of a fish); flipper (for swimming)C2
6728la junglajungle; tough, chaotic place (jungla de asfalto)C2
6803el gorilagorilla; bouncer; bodyguard (colloquial)C2
6840la vegetaciónvegetationC2
6843el pingüinopenguinC2
6845pardobrown; dunC2
6851la escasezshortage; scarcityC2
6866el mosquitomosquitoC2
6877deteriorarto damage; to impair; to deteriorate; to worsen (deteriorarse)C2
6892ecológicoecological; environmental; organic (food)C2
6898árticoArcticC2
6906rocosorockyC2
6910la crestacrest; comb (of a bird); ridge; crest (mountain, wave)C2
6920desecharto discard; to throw away; to reject; to rule out (an idea)C2
6951el cisneswanC2
6953volcánicovolcanicC2
6967el topomole (animal); mole; infiltrator (spy)C2
7008la laderahillside; slopeC2
7039el bueyox; bullockC2
7046la salinasalt flat; saltworks; salt mineC2
7083forestalforest (adj.); forestryC2
7103la lilalilac (plant)C2
7111el tractortractorC2
7112el derramespill; leak; stroke (derrame cerebral)C2
7114el arrecifereefC2
7193la sequíadroughtC2
7194el gansogoose; goof; clumsy fool (colloquial)C2
7212el sapotoadC2
7227pudrirto rot; to decay (pudrirse); to rot (in jail); to be eaten upC2
7244la larvalarva; grubC2
7249el barrancoravine; gullyC2
7251el lodomud; sludgeC2
7257el olivarolive groveC2
7280la carpacarp (fish); tent; marqueeC2
7290el rebañoflock; herd; flock; herd (followers)C2
7328el pandapandaC2
7341drenarto drain (land, a wound); to drain (resources)C2
7346el búfalobuffaloC2
7379el desechowaste; scrap; rejectC2
7385fértilfertile (land); fertile (imagination)C2
7391la faunafauna; wildlifeC2
7422ararto ploughC2
7428el marfilivory; ivory (colour)C2
7442el pétalopetalC2
7479la víboraviper; snake; spiteful person (lengua de víbora)C2
7497la parcelaplot (of land); lot; portion; share (of power, truth)C2
7504la riberariverbank; shoreC2
7555sembrarto sow; to plant; to sow; to spread (fear, doubt)C2
7562la cataratawaterfall (cataratas); cataract (eye)C2
7571el buitrevulture; vulture (opportunist, fund)C2
7584el aramacawC2
7604el jaguarjaguarC2
7625el invernaderogreenhouse; greenhouse (efecto invernadero)C2
7626el loroparrot; chatterbox (someone who talks a lot or repeats)C2
7637el huertovegetable garden; small orchardC2
7646el zoozooC2
7673el ternerocalf; veal (ternera)C2
7691el llanoplain; flatlandC2
7700el pumapuma; cougarC2
7784el desperdiciowaste; scraps; waste material (desperdicios)C2
7794extintoextinct; deceased; late (el extinto)C2
7819el perezososloth (animal)C2
7905la focaseal (animal)C2
7927el búhoowl (eagle owl); night owl (person)C2
7930la panterapantherC2
7944la agallagill (of a fish); guts; nerve (agallas)C2
7950el diquedike; breakwater; dry dockC2
7965el venadodeer; venisonC2
8004la huertalarge vegetable garden; irrigated farmland; orchard (Mexico)C2
8018el jabalíwild boarC2
8027treparto climb; to scramble up; to climb (of plants)C2
8033exterminarto exterminate; to eradicate (pests); to wipe out (a people, a species)C2
8038el coyotecoyote; people smuggler (Mexico)C2
8044la sabanasavannah; grassland; high plain; open plateau (Colombia)C2
8069el ecosistemaecosystem; ecosystem (of firms, products)C2
8078caparto neuter; to castrateC2
8081el manantialspring (of water); wellspring; source (of ideas, wealth)C2
8099la cerdasow (female pig); bristleC2
8114la quebradaravine; small mountain streamC2
8148la fertilidadfertility (reproductive); fertility (of land)C2
8164estérilbarren; infertile; sterile; germ-freeC2
8191el roedorrodentC2
8205degradarto demote; to downgrade; to degrade; to erodeC2
8210la lamasilt; slime (rare)C2
8221la gaviotaseagullC2
8228la chatarrascrap metal; junk; worthless thingC2
8238geológicogeologicalC2
8287medicinalmedicinalC2
8300el granitogranite; small grain (granito de arena: a small contribution)C2
8314el escorpiónscorpion; Scorpio (zodiac sign)C2
8328la guaridaden; lair; hideout; hauntC2
8338anfibioamphibious; amphibian (noun use)C2
8340el rocíodew; spray; light mistC2
8347la garzaheron; egretC2
8351la cordilleramountain range; the Andes (Chile, Argentina: la cordillera)C2
8354el simioape; simianC2
8399la cavernacave; cavernC2
8402el caimáncaimanC2
8445la descomposicióndecomposition; decay; breakdown; disintegrationC2
8458el pajaritolittle bird; a little bird told me (me lo dijo un pajarito)C2
8514el torrentetorrent; mountain stream; flood; stream (of words, people)C2
8525la palmerapalm tree; palmier (puff-pastry biscuit)C2
8556el castorbeaverC2
8569el reproductorplayer (media); breeding animal; studC2
8606isleñoisland (adjective); of an island; islanderC2
8607la sojasoya; soya beanC2
8624el páramomoor; barren upland; páramo (high Andean grassland)C2
8633el leopardoleopard; leopard printC2
8638la chozahut; shackC2
8646el espécimenspecimen; character; piece of work (ironic)C2
8662la mesetaplateau; landing (of a staircase)C2
8676la viñavineyard; winery (Chile)C2
8702brotarto sprout; to bud; to gush; to well upC2
8749el yacimientodeposit; field (minerals, oil); archaeological siteC2
8752el calamarsquidC2
8766el temblortremor; trembling; earth tremor; earthquake (Latin America)C2
8822el fénixphoenix (mythical bird); paragon; unique genius (literary)C2
8855el colmillocanine tooth; eyetooth; fang; tuskC2
8885la estacastake; peg; cutting (plant)C2
8906potabledrinkable; fit to drink; passable; decent (colloquial)C2
8918el riegoirrigation; watering (plants, garden)C2
8932el viñedovineyardC2
8955el chihuahuaChihuahua (small dog breed); gosh! (¡ay, chihuahua!, Mexico)C2
8971la polillamoth; clothes mothC2
8979la lomahill; low hillC2
9012la setamushroom (Spain)C2
9020el azufresulphur; brimstone (devil association)C2
9054la reshead of cattle; beef (carne de res, Latin America)C2
9066el bambúbambooC2
9067el alcemoose; elkC2
9071montañosomountainousC2
9091la liebrehare; to let the cat out of the bag (levantar la liebre)C2
9106el dióxidodioxideC2
9127el mataderoslaughterhouse; abattoir; slaughterhouse (figurative: death trap)C2
9140la medusajellyfish; Medusa (Greek mythology)C2
9150el arrastredragging; towing; hauling; trawling (pesca de arrastre)C2
9165ganaderocattle-raising; livestock (adjective); cattle farmer; rancherC2
9168la avispawasp; wasp waist (cintura de avispa)C2
9172el buceodiving; scuba diving; deep dive (research)C2
9215macizosolid; massive (not hollow); massif (mountain group)C2
9224el oasisoasis; oasis (a calm refuge)C2
9248el sotogrove; thicket (by a river)C2
9269antárticoAntarcticC2
9297la lidiabullfight (the fight itself); fighting (as in toros de lidia)C2
9313el / la terratenientelandowner (large estates)C2
9330la recolecciónharvest; gathering (of crops); collection (waste, data; Latin America)C2
9346el basurerorefuse collector; binman; rubbish dump; landfill (Latin America)C2
9375el deteriorodeterioration; decay; wear and tear; damageC2
9387la mineríamining (industry); mining (of data, cryptocurrency)C2
9430el relieveterrain; relief (landform); prominence; emphasis (poner de relieve)C2
9439la pulgaflea; bad temper (tener malas pulgas)C2
9507el matorralthicket; undergrowth; scrubland (vegetation type)C2
9520el pulpooctopus; bungee strap (elastic cord with hooks)C2
9521la bayaberryC2
9543residualof waste (aguas residuales: wastewater); residual; remaining (small leftover amount)C2
9557la urbanizaciónurbanisation; housing development; residential estateC2
9558la colmenabeehive; hive; hive (of activity)C2
9608el cacaococoa; cacao (beans, powder); cacao (the crop, the tree)C2
9629el álamopoplar (tree)C2
9633caninocanine; of dogs; canine tooth (noun use)C2
9636abundarto be plentiful; to abound; to be rich in (abundar en)C2
9644domesticarto domesticate; to tame; to subdue (a person, instincts)C2
9661el cactuscactusC2
9667el arcemaple (tree, wood)C2
9668peludohairy; furry; armadillo (Argentina: el peludo)C2
9670el olivoolive treeC2
9683la manguerahose; fire hoseC2
9746el cobertizoshed (for tools, storage); shelter; lean-to (for animals)C2
9760incinerarto incinerate; to burn (waste); to cremateC2
9772la coladalaundry; wash load (Spain); lava flowC2
9775talarto fell; to cut down (trees)C2
9792el cangurokangaroo; babysitter (Spain, informal)C2
9799purificarto purify; to clean (water, air); to purify (spiritually)C2
9856la dunaduneC2
9886la yeguamareC2
9904carnívorocarnivorous; meat-eating; carnivore (animal; noun use)C2
9916el grillocricket (insect); shackles; fetters (usually plural)C2
9927domarto break in; to tame (animals); to tame; to control (feelings, a person)C2
9940el ponyponyC2
9980el polenpollenC2
10005mecerto rock (a baby, a cradle); to sway; to swing gently (hammock, branches)C2
10020la trompaFrench horn; trunk (of an elephant); proboscisC2
10118el chivogoat (billy goat; Latin America); scapegoat (chivo expiatorio)C2
10119repelerto repel; to ward off; to repel (an attack); to rejectC2
10139la fierawild beast; savage animal; fierce person; whiz (ser una fiera en...)C2
10170el saucewillow (tree)C2
10184la hambrunafamineC2
10211el potrocolt; foal; vaulting horse (gymnastics)C2
10223el chimpancéchimpanzeeC2
10238manarto flow; to well up (water, blood); to stem from; to emanate (manar de)C2
10333la orugacaterpillar; caterpillar track (tank, tractor)C2
10334el derrumbecollapse (of a building, a bridge); landslide; rockfall (Latin America)C2
10339la herradurahorseshoe; horseshoe shape (en herradura)C2
10348el vertederolandfill; rubbish dump; spillway (of a dam)C2
10350oceánicooceanic; of the oceanC2
10405la represadam; reservoir (Latin America)C2
10418la púaspike; thorn; quill; guitar pick; plectrumC2
10420el declivedecline; downturn; slope; inclineC2
10424la fragatafrigate (warship); frigatebirdC2
10425el mapacheraccoonC2
10443la calizalimestoneC2
10455el rinoceronterhinocerosC2
10479la anguilaeel; slippery person (escurridizo como una anguila)C2
10502espantarto scare away; to shoo; to frighten; to scareC2
10514desembocarto flow into (a river into the sea); to lead to; to end in (a street, a process)C2
10519furtivofurtive; stealthy; illegal; clandestine (caza furtiva: poaching)C2
10540la degradacióndegradation; deterioration; demotion; humiliationC2
10545el caudalflow; volume of water (of a river); abundance; large store (of knowledge, wealth)C2
10608el tsunamitsunami; flood; wave (figurative)C2
10618el caparazónshell (of a tortoise, crab, armadillo); protective shell (figurative: defensive attitude)C2
10619el labradorfarmer; farm worker (dated or literary); Labrador retrieverC2
10638el mustangmustang (wild horse of the American plains)C2
10640la cloacasewer; drain; cesspit (figurative: a place of corruption)C2
10648el fertilizantefertiliser; fertilising (adjective use)C2
10659dañinoharmful; damaging; pest; vermin (animales dañinos)C2
10683la zanjaditch; trenchC2
10719el avistamientosighting (of animals, aircraft, objects)C2
10723el ciclóncyclone (tropical storm); hurricane (Cuba, Caribbean usage)C2
10757sosteniblesustainable (environmentally); sustainable; viable over time (economically)C2
10769el caballitopony; little horse (also a toy); seahorse (caballito de mar)C2
10776plagadoriddled; infested (plagado de)C2
10776plagarto infest; to overrun; to fill; to riddle (plagado de: riddled with)C2
10783la siembrasowing; planting; sown crop; planted field (Latin America)C2
10795el ramalbranch line; spur (railway, road, pipeline); spur (of a mountain range)C2
10799el lirioiris; lily (flower)C2
10804la tempestadstorm (thunder, wind and rain); storm; turmoil (figurative)C2
10821diurnodaytime; day (shift, hours); diurnal (active by day)C2
10824el primateprimate (zoology)C2
10845el sementalstud; breeding male (stallion, bull); stud (slang: a very virile or attractive man)C2
10850el montículomound; small hill; pitcher's mound (baseball)C2
10856el machetemacheteC2
10857energéticoenergy (relating to energy); energising; energy-givingC2
10876el fresnoash (tree and its wood)C2
10892el asnodonkey; ass; fool; dunce (insult)C2
10893el pajarhayloft; straw barn; buscar una aguja en un pajar: to look for a needle in a haystackC2
10909la refineríarefineryC2
10912la avalanchaavalanche (snow); flood; surge (of people, messages, criticism)C2
10921ahuyentarto scare away; to drive off (animals); to dispel (fears, doubts)C2
10927castrarto castrate; to neuter (animals); to stifle; to suppress (figurative)C2
10929la cornisacornice; moulding (on a building); ledge; narrow strip (mountain, coast)C2
10945la lagartijasmall lizard; push-up (Mexico, Central America)C2
10952el rosalrosebushC2
10973el gorriónsparrowC2
11014el trébolclover (plant; trébol de cuatro hojas); clubs (card suit)C2
11018el cautiveriocaptivity; being held captive; captivity (animals)C2
11028felinofeline (cat-like); feline (animal; noun use)C2
11043la preservaciónpreservation; conservation; preservation (of food)C2
11045el estragoravages; havoc (usually estragos); toll; damage (los estragos del tiempo)C2
11053la esporasporeC2
11062el jacintohyacinth; jacinth (reddish gemstone)C2
11079la supernovasupernovaC2
11082la geologíageology (the science); geology (of a place)C2
11104propiciarto foster; to bring about; to favour; to make possible (conditions)C2
11116el bulldogbulldogC2
11131el embalsereservoir (artificial lake); damming; impounding (the act)C2
11142el silosilo (grain storage); silo (underground store or missile silo)C2
11144el vellobody hair; fine hair; down; fuzz (on plants, fruit)C2
11149la mariquitaladybird; ladybug; plantain chips (Caribbean: mariquitas)C2
11156el resplandorglow; radiance; flash; dazzle (sudden bright light)C2
11163el henohay; hay fever (fiebre del heno)C2
11204el olmoelm (tree); pedir peras al olmo: to ask for the impossibleC2
11221el tajocut; gash (deep); gorge; steep cliff (Andalusia)C2
11223avistarto sight; to spot (in the distance); to spot wildlife (whales, birds)C2
11225el deslizamientosliding; slip; landslide (deslizamiento de tierra)C2
11239el cianurocyanide; cyanide (mining: used to extract gold)C2
11240el metanomethaneC2
11252la comadrejaweasel; opossum (River Plate)C2
11253la fogatacampfire; bonfire (Latin America); bonfire (festival)C2
11272el archipiélagoarchipelago; archipelago (figurative: scattered group)C2
11274el excrementoexcrement; faecesC2
11284la astaflagpole; staff; horn (of a bull)C2
11295la madrigueraburrow; den (animals); hideout; lair (people)C2
11296el centenorye; rye field; rye cropC2
11342el palitosmall stick; twig; stick (as food: palitos de pescado)C2
11343el palmarpalm groveC2
11372merodearto prowl; to lurk; to hang around; to roam (animals)C2
11407el cascabeljingle bell; rattle (of a rattlesnake)C2
11411medioambientalenvironmental; environment-related (policy, impact)C2
11441la compuertasluice gate; floodgate; hatch; gate (airlock, vehicle)C2
11442la batidasearch sweep; beat (police, search party); hunt drive (beating game towards the guns)C2
11444el envasecontainer; packaging (bottle, can, carton); packing; bottling (the process)C2
11447el camuflajecamouflage; disguise; cover-up (figurative)C2
11476el tifóntyphoonC2
11478el lotolotus (flower); lotus position (yoga)C2
11501el manzanoapple treeC2
11522la picadurasting; bite (insect)C2
11536áridoarid; dry (climate, land); dry; dull (subject, writing)C2
11538erupcionarto erupt (volcano)C2
11568rodadosmooth; water-worn (canto rodado: pebble, boulder); shot; filmed (a film)C2
11582circundantesurrounding; nearby; neighbouring (area, towns)C2
11591reciclarto recycle; to retrain; to upskill (reciclarse)C2
11655el precipicioprecipice; cliff; brink; abyss (figurative)C2
11658la grutagrotto; cave; grotto (shrine, as at Lourdes)C2
11664el tentáculotentacle; tentacle (figurative: far reach of an organisation)C2
11681la malezaweeds; undergrowth; scrub; thick vegetation (overgrown land)C2
11695el rabotail (informal, of an animal); rabo del ojo: corner of the eyeC2
11704el plieguefold; crease; pleat; fold (geology, skin)C2
11735el palomardovecote; pigeon loftC2
11760el cerezocherry tree; cherry woodC2
11770el / la caníbalcannibal (person); cannibal (animal that eats its own kind; adjective)C2
11781comunalcommunal; community (shared by a group); communal land (tierras comunales)C2
11791el surcofurrow (in a field); groove; line (record, skin, wrinkle)C2